The assay works on any biological matrix—plasma, serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, culture supernatants or tissue homogenates—and works across all species (dopamine is phylogenetically conserved).

Limit of detection = 3.3 pg mL; calibrated standard curve spans 0.5 – 80 ng mL, allowing accurate measurement from very low to high dopamine levels.

Only 1 µL is sufficient (up to 750 µL can be loaded for dilute samples).

Yes. The kit has already quantified dopamine in culture medium from human mid‑brain organoids at day 70, using just 1 µL per well (Schwamborn lab image in the product gallery). Published studies on Parkinson’s‑disease organoids report similar success — e.g. Zagare 2025 and Muwanigwa 2024. Collect the cleared supernatant or gently homogenise organoids in extraction buffer, then follow the standard acylation → conversion protocol.

Absolutely. It needs only a clear liquid sample, so you can load 1 µL of culture supernatant from your iPSC‑derived neurons after acylation. Fan et al. 2025 used the kit to monitor dopamine released from hydrogel‑grown human dopaminergic neurons with a 3.3 pg mL‑¹ detection limit, capturing both basal and stimulated secretion.

Day 1: extraction + acylation and enzymatic conversion (~4 h). Add antiserum and incubate overnight. Day 2: color development and plate reading (~1 h).

No significant cross‑reactivity was detected with dopamine analogs or related catecholamines, ensuring high specificity.

Yes — quantitative performance has been cross‑validated by LC‑MS, confirming reliability in complex samples.

Keep all components at 2–8 °C; the unopened kit is stable at least six months under these conditions.